Retrocaval ureter: an unsual cause of hydronephrosis in an adult

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly. We describe a case of right upper tract collecting system dilatation caused by a retrocaval ureter in an adult patient. Conflicting initial radiological findings had misled the surgeons in managing this patient. This case illustrates the importance of an accurate radiological diagnosis of this condition prior to any surgical intervention for an appropriate and successful surgical management

Critical retrospective analysis of various types of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) at HUSM (2006-2007)

To find the true incidence of various types of Bladder dysfunction (NLUTD) among neurological, neuro surgical lesions and post OBG status during 2006-2007 at HUSM

Intravesical electrical stimulation of the bladder – animal model study in HUSM

To study the effects of intravesical eletrical stimulation of rabbit’s bladder and to apply the principle in human hypocontractile bladder as a method of bladderbiofeedback training

Inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder: A rare cause of haematuria in a young girl

Inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder is rare. In the paediatric group, this condition is even more rare. To date only five cases have been reported in the English literature. Due to its rarity, the morphology and biological behaviour are still uncertain. We report a case of inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder in a 12-year-old girl who presented with recurrent haematuria. The patient’s symptoms resolved after endoscopic resection with no recurrence on cystoscopy surveillance for last two years. The magnetic resonance imaging features of this lesion are described

The effect of voiding position on uroflowmetry findings of patientswith Benign Prostatic Obstruction(BPO) in urology clinic HTAA

Introduction: Changes in voiding positionmay have signi ficant impact on micturitiondue to factors such as changes in pressureof abdominal muscles and viscera, andrelaxation of pelvic floor muscles in differ-ent voiding positions. Few studies in the lit-erature have addressed the impact ofvoiding position on uroflowmetric results,however, the results were inconclusive.Objectives: To investigate the uroflowme-try findings of three different voiding posi-tions in BPO patients attending theUrology Clinic, HTAA.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectionalobservational study of BPO patientsattending the Urology Clinic HTAA fromMarch 2015 to December 2015.Uroflowmetry in standing, sitting andsquatting positions were done in those ful-filling the study criteria. The maximumflow rate, average flow rate, voiding vol-ume, total voiding time and post-voidingresidual volume were measured andrecorded. The results were then comparedand analysed. Other factors such as nor-mal voiding habit, number of medication,size of prostate, severity of BPO andintravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) werealso studied for any significance.Results: A total of 123 patients were stud-ied. Majority of patients were more than60 years old (87%) and more than halfwere Chinese (58.5%) followed by Malays(35%) and Indians (5.7%). The commonestvoiding positions among these patientswere standing (78%), sitting, 15 patients(12.2%) and squatting, 12 patients (9.8%).Average IPSS was 12 and majority of themwere in the moderate group (63.4%). Themean size of prostate in this study was42.95 grams. 33 patients had IPP (27.27%)while the rest (72.72%) did not have IP

A disastrous complication of colonephrocutaneous fistula: brain abscess

A rare case of colonephrocutaneous fistula complicated with a brain abscess is a lifethreatening clinical condition. We report a case of a 35-year-old lady with a history of partial left nephrectomy complicated with left colonic injury who presented with persistent vomiting associated with headache and blurry vision for 5 days. Clinically, she was confused and restless with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 12/15, however her pupils were equal and reactive bilaterally. Other neurological examinations were unremarkable. Abdominal examination noted functioning ileostomy with a skin opening at left lumbar with pus discharge. Diagnosis of brain abscess was made after contrasted computed tomography (CT) scan of brain. Urgent open drainage surgery was done followed by long course of antibiotic. Contrasted CT abdomen and fistulogram revealed a left colo-psoas and left nephrocutaneous fistula, hence, she was subjected for surgery. Intraoperatively, there was a fistula tract connecting the descending colon, remaining of left kidney, and the skin. Thus, left hemicolectomy, completion of left nephrectomy, and fistulectomy was done. The long-standing infective foci can lead to septic emboli and causes formation of abscess at distant site. Its management is challenging involving both medical and surgical therapy